Page 2 of 9 · complaints 51–100 of 431

2017 Tesla Model S complaints

Owner reports filed with NHTSA about this vehicle, newest first and reproduced as filed. They are unverified accounts: one proves nothing, and a pattern across many is the thing worth reading. Back to the full 2017 record →

Steering
Filed Nov 26, 2024NJ

The power steering motor prevents proper movement of the steering wheel by forcing it back to the center if moved in either direction, making turning impossible. The wheel allows only about 5 degrees of movement before violently snapping back to center. When I attempted to replicate the issue at startup, the steering initially operated normally, and I was able to turn the wheel approximately 90 degrees. However, it suddenly and forcefully snapped back to center, striking my hand. This occurred while the car was stationary. The malfunction in the power steering motor or its control system makes the car undrivable, as the steering wheel actively resists turning. The first incident occurred while driving in a parking lot, but thankfully at low speed. The car had to be towed. This presents a significant safety issue.

Exterior Lighting
Filed Oct 29, 2024GA

Daylight Running Lights (DRLs) burned out, and Tesla charges exorbitant amounts to repair each DRL and headlight assembly, over $3,500 for each side. This is apparently a known issue with all 2017-2021 Tesla Model S vehicles, as it is widely discussed on Tesla owner forums. The DRLs are prone to repeated failures even after being replaced. Tesla will replace the DRL and headlight assembly as long as the vehicle is under warranty, but will not replace the failed DRL and headlight assembly after the warranty expires unless the vehicle owner pays for the replacement. This would seem to be a known chronic failure item, and since the DRLs are a safety feature, it would seem that Tesla should stand behind their vehicles and resolve this failure as a recall.

Steering
Filed Oct 17, 2024NY

As I was driving. Multiple warning sensors came on the vehicles screen. Everything was shutting down. I made it to my driveway to reverse in and the car completely shut off. I got out of the car, closed the door and got back in the car and it worked again. I drove the car into Teslas service center and they said it was a steering rack that needed to be replaced, but they never actually looked at the part that needed to be replaced. They just hooked up a pico scope and received a signal. I asked if they would look at it and they said they can only replace it. IVE SEEN MULTIPLE STORIES SIMILAR TO MINE ONLINE WHERE PEOPLE HAVE HAD TO CHECK THE VEHICLE ON THERE OWN ONLY TO FIND A LOOSE GROUND WIRE OR A LOOSE CONNECTION THAT CONNECTS TO THE STEERING RACK. Once they connect the wires the car works fine. There is a faulty design on the Tesla model S and probably other models as well that should be looked at. Tesla is charging over $5000 to replace the entire rack as opposed to checking the connections. Please look into this. This is not safe at all. Great car, bad design

Unknown or Other
Filed Sep 3, 2024TX

Tesla Model S has a problem when the electronic actuator for the rear lift gate failed, it cannot be opened unless serviced by Tesla. This creates a safety concern - (1) - The emergency release cable is hard to locate because it is covered by plastic that is only engraved with a picture making it impossible to find a dim/dark situation. (2) The emergency cable failed to unlatch the lift gate making it impossible to open if someone is trapped inside. There is no way to open the lift gate until someone remove the trim and peel off the cover and experiment with unplug / replug the connection wire and hope it will unlock the lift gate making it impossible for most owners. (3) When the actuator failed, the instrument cluster should not just say rear lift gate is open, proceed with caution, it should provide descriptive warnings the gate may fly open, from outside it looks like it is closed and cannot be manually lift up and driver. The driver likely will continue to drive and all warnings stop after reaching 35 mph once until the next drive. (4) On older model, there is option for child jump seats for kids and toddlers. This will be a nightmare if the electronic part failed but no way to open it until serviced by Tesla. This is not a one off problem but a common problem as reported here and easily searchable on the internet. [XXX] INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6)

Electrical System › Adas › Autonomous/Self Driving › Software
Filed Aug 20, 2024CA

See attached document for complaint

Suspension
Filed Aug 11, 2024MA

Rear suspension control arm broke. Causing the rare right wheel to fold in.

Back Over Prevention › Sensing System › Camera
Filed Aug 5, 2024CA

See attached document for complaint

Structure › Body
Filed Aug 4, 2024AZ

On 1 occasion the front trunk opened on its own, on 2 occasions the rear trunk opened on its own. The last occasion was on August 3. all these events occurred with in 3 weeks. The car was brought to a service center where the problem was misdiagnosed since the incident on August 3 was after the service call.

Steering
Filed Aug 1, 2024VA

Steering UJoint exposed to elements, eventually causing it to bind during normal use/wear.

Air BagsCrash
Filed Jul 29, 2024WA

Full Self driving did not show signs of slowing down at Everett traffic slow down from about 60 miles to a standstill. I realized the speed not slowing down (about 5 car distance from stopped distance) I tried to apply the brakes that were completely nonresponsive, instead the car sped up. I avoided backend collision with the first car be maneuvering to the shoulder, however the next car was parked halfway into the shoulder that didn't leave enough room to not hit it. The car hit two other cars before coming to a full stop. While checking for any injuries for myself and passenger, after a delay and hitting 3 cars the airbags uselessly deployed. Total failure of brakes, auto emergency braking and airbag deployment. I have requested Tesla to look into the logs but havent gotten any feedback.

Electrical System
Filed Jul 11, 2024CT

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was unavailable. The local dealer was contacted, and it was confirmed that the part was not yet available. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was not made aware of the issue. The contact had not experienced a failure. The contact was informed by the Tesla Service Center that the infotainment system hardware needed to be replaced for the software update under the recall. VIN tool showed no open recall.

Steering
Filed Jun 4, 2024NJ

Power steering problem which is not safe

Unknown or Other
Filed May 27, 2024CA

Tesla will not let me update my software to correct the safety issue. Please compel Tesla to update my vehicle's software. I received a recall letter stating my vehicle's software needs to be updated. I checked my vehicle and the letter is correct; my software is out of date. However, when I tried to update my software the vehicle tells me that I have the most up to date software. I tried to make a service appointment three times to have the software updated. However, every time I tried to schedule an appointment, the Tesla app tells me that my vehicle has the most up to date software and "service is not required." The app will not let me make an appointment to update the software.

Electrical System
Filed May 7, 2024FL

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The local service center was contacted. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue. The contact had not experienced a failure. Parts distribution disconnect.

Unknown or Other
Filed Apr 27, 2024CA

I received a recall notice (NHTSA recall no: 23V-838) early February 2024 about a recall related to Autosteer, increasing the risk for collision. The remedy specified was that I will be receiving an OTA firmware update and it should be remedied as long as the vehicle is running 2023.44.30 software version or later (free of charge). But until today, I have not received this update and my vehicle (as of 4/27/2024) is running 2022.8.10.20 . The reason the Tesla service center is giving me is that this is because my vehicle is on MCU1 (infotainment version) and I might need to pay around ~$2000 to upgrade the hardware to MCU2 to get the new software version. I have concerns that even though the letter says I will start receiving updates in Dec 2023, I havent received it yet and is risky.

Forward Collision Avoidance › Adaptive Cruise Control
Filed Apr 15, 2024OK

I received a safety recall dated 2/8/2024, recall no 23V-838. Tesla has failed to remedy the defect & claims a remedy is not necessary. Specifically, I took my vehicle to Tesla on 3/18/2024 to update vehicle software to incorporate additional autosteer controls. See attachment: "Repair notes: "No update necessary", despite the vehicle running a software version less than 2023.44.30 as specified in the Recall Notice.

Steering
Filed Apr 9, 2024MA

My car has 55k miles on it and the power steering has failed. Last October, I brought it in to the service center and they wanted $4000 to replace my steering rack. At the time, the car only had about 50k miles on it. It seems like these parts are failing much faster on the Teslas then previous cars that I've owned.

Unknown or Other
Filed Apr 4, 2024TX

Autopilot drove me off the road during turning right on Hwy 183 on April 4, 2023. 9:04 pm. My tesla Model S was on Autopilot and Car went off the road during right turn and about to hit the red light pole.

Steering
Filed Apr 2, 2024NJ

1x while driving, the steering wheel locked up. Luckily this was only for about 1 second, and I was only traveling on a 25 mph road. If this was on a highway, it could have been deadly. 2x the car steering wheel would not move when shifting out of park. It required a tremendous amount of force to turn the wheel even slightly. The car needed to be reset multiple times in order to free up the wheel. This last time, I cannot get the wheel unstuck.

Electrical System
Filed Mar 28, 2024CA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact stated that on several occasions while driving at 60 MPH in autopilot and changing lanes, the vehicle jerked violently to the left. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The local dealer was contacted. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure. The failure mileage was unknown. Parts distribution disconnect.

Forward Collision Avoidance › Adaptive Cruise Control
Filed Mar 26, 2024NC

Tesla has failed to provide the software updates to fix the recalls on my and ALL other MCU1 cars that have FSD paid for. This is because Tesla has not delivered sent FSD to these cars, and hopes owners will pay $2,000 to upgrade to MCU2. Tesla has LIED that all cars with FSD paid for will be upgraded to the required hardware necessary to use FSD. This has now became a safety issue as recalls are not being addressed!! Tesla States vehicles should be running software version 2023.44.30 or later... We are stuck at 2022.8.10!

Suspension
Filed Mar 15, 2024MA

When getting into my vehicle for work, my vehicle appeared to be lopsided with the passenger side of the vehicle being considerably lower than the driver’s side. Luckily I noticed this right away and was able to back up safely into my parking spot. I brought it into the Tesla service center and they confirmed that the rear Suspension system/Air compressor/Air Spring Module on both sides are faulty and need to be replaced. They also stated that this was a “non-passenger facing alert” that they don’t believe was a new issue because I believe they stated the alert was visible 30 days prior when I had the vehicle in the service center for a different non-safety issue. After many days of research I see that this exact suspension issue thousands of Tesla owners more specifically Tesla owners of Model S/X years 2013-2018 see very frequently and in the state of California there was even a class action lawsuit due to this safety issue but for some reason there still has not been a recall? I believe that this on going suspension issue that Tesla has is a safety issue especially if traveling at higher speeds. This needs to be addressed sooner rather than later as it could lead to significant major safety issues if unaddressed.

Electrical System
Filed Mar 15, 2024CA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the recall was not repaired. The contact stated there was several appointments made to repair the vehicle under recall, but the appointments were cancelled. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue. The contact stated an appointment was later granted, however the repair to the fix the recall was not applied, and it was reported as repaired as it no longer showed as an unrepaired recall for the VIN. VIN tool shows no open recall.

Forward Collision Avoidance › Adaptive Cruise Control
Filed Mar 8, 2024CO

Recall 23V-838; TC2023-657. Tesla not providing software update for recall from last year. I can't get an update for this recall unless I pay $2000 for MCU2.

Electrical System
Filed Mar 7, 2024CA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The dealer was notified of the issue and confirmed that parts were not yet available. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. In addition, the contact stated that the software would reboot while driving. Due to the failure, the defrost system was inoperable while driving in inclement weather. Parts distribution disconnect.

Structure › BodyCrash
Filed Mar 6, 2024FL

While in autosteer, I pressed on the brakes which normally deactivates the autosteer while coming to a stop. In this particular case the car did not brake upon command and the car maintained acceleration thru a stop light and veered into a median causing a collision with a curb causing structural damage to the frame of the vehicle. I have put in a claim with both my insurance and Tesla and advise that the brakes did not activate in a timely fashion upon disengaging from Autosteer thus causing the collision and was advise by Tesla that I would be responsible to cover the damages when the accident was caused by the vehicle not disengaging. I was only advised after the fact of the recall for the very reason I complained to Tesla in the first place and have been waiting 5 months for a resolution.

Electrical System
Filed Mar 5, 2024CA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The contact stated that he had opened several service tickets with the manufacturer for the recall repair. The manufacturer informed the contact twice that the update for the recall remedy software version 2023.44.30 had been performed on the vehicle; however, the contact verified that the current software installed on the vehicle was version 2022.8.10.17. The manufacturer was notified and informed the contact that they did not have a software version 2023.44.30 available for his vehicle at the time. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The contact had not experienced a failure. Parts distribution disconnect.

Electrical System
Filed Feb 16, 2024TX

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 24V051000 (Electrical System) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The local dealer was not contacted. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The manufacturer was made aware of the issue. The contact had not experienced a failure. Parts distribution disconnect.

Electrical System › Adas › Autonomous/Self Driving › Software
Filed Feb 15, 202491,840 milesCA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 23V838000 (Electrical System) however, the contact was informed by the dealer, that the computer needed to be updated from Media Control Unit 1 to Media Control Unit 2 to receive proper software updates. The contact stated the vehicle was using the latest autosteer computer software however, the infotainment was using on the Media Control Unit 1 computer which was no longer receiving software updates or safety updates. The contact stated that the computer was able to receive updates, however, the manufacturer chose not to write codes for the older computers due to the cost. The vehicle was not updated version 2022.8.10.16 to the necessary version 2023.44.30 or later due to the cost. The approximate failure mileage was 91,840.

Steering
Filed Feb 13, 2024100,000 milesCA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact stated that while driving at an undisclosed speed, the vehicle lost steering functionality. The contact stated that the steering wheel was difficult to turn. The vehicle was taken to the dealer where it was diagnosed with a failed steering rack. The contact was informed that the steering rack needed to be replaced. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure. The failure mileage was approximately 100,000.

Unknown or Other
Filed Feb 13, 2024MD

Upon use of the vehicle defroster feature in cold weather, my windshield cracked. There was no impact to the windshield. The vehicle cabin is bound by glass and spontaneously cracking glass during normal use of the vehicle is not safe.

Suspension
Filed Dec 27, 2023IL

In February 2022, I struck a downed tree limb which caused damage to my vehicle. The vehicle was repaired at a Tesla Service Center and the entire front suspension was replaced and paid for by my insurance. The car seemed to drive fine after this incident. In December 2023, I took the car in to a Tesla Service Center for an unrelated issue (the coolant level was low). After completing the service, I received a call from the service center stating that the service technician noticed that the vehicle was "swaying heavily to the right" and that it was not safe to drive. The service center performed diagnostic work and told me that the left fore link had detached from the ball assembly and that both the left and right fore links showed excessive wear. The service center initially told me that I would need to pay for this repair. Had them verify that the same components had been replaced recently and that only 6600 miles had been driven on the new suspension. After I told them that I would contact my insurance company, the service center quickly changed their tune, said they would cover the repair, and completed the repair within hours. Assuming their diagnosis was not fraudulent, and that the suspension was correctly replaced the first time, I find it deeply concerning that a key component of the suspension would fail after 6600 miles. I have copies of both service invoices and my chat history with the service center that I am happy to provide to substantiate this report. I was n

Visibility/Wiper
Filed Dec 11, 2023NC

After the latest software update, the intermittent settings on the windshield wipers no longer work. At 10:15am on December 11, the Tesla Service group confirmed in a message that this is a known firmware characteristic. There is no ETA on a new firmware update to correct the issue. There notice states that it is an issue with the auto wiper feature, but the wiper does not work in manual mode either. Initially, they stated that they could inspect the car in a few days. Now they have pushed my appointment 2+ weeks.

Suspension
Filed Dec 3, 2023MI

Left lower rear control arm is broken. Luckily it happened as I entered the garage. Could have been catastrophic on highway driving. There was no warning message of light.

Suspension
Filed Nov 30, 2023CA

While parking the left suspension fore link completely broke. The car only has 50k miles on it. I believe it is this issue: [XXX] [XXX] INFORMATION REDACTED PURSUANT TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. 552(B)(6)

Forward Collision Avoidance › Adaptive Cruise Control
Filed Nov 10, 2023IL

5 times on a cross country trip, I experienced the phenomenon of "phantom braking" . As I was driving with Adaptive Cruise on, doing approximately the speed limit, the brakes were automatically applied and the car started to rapidly slow down. Luckily there was no one behind me so I was not rear ended ! I immediately took the car to the local Tesla service center thinking there was a problem with the car, but they told me this is a know issue with no solution at present. One tech told me he has a Tesla himself and has experienced the same issue ! He told me that he just punches the accelerator and keeps on driving !

Suspension
Filed Oct 16, 2023CA

As I was backing up out of a parking spot, I was turning the wheel when I heard a pop and a ugly grinding noise coming from my front driver side wheel well. Initially, I thought I ran over something, but did not observe and debris under the vehicle. I proceeded to slowly pull forward and continued to hear grinding, but not as bad. When I turned, the grinding continued. I got out again to observe that my wheel had caught the back half of my wheel well cover and ripped it off, sitting in the wheel well still. A firm tug pulled the cover from the well and I could see the wheel was not situated in the center of the wheel well. After contacting the manufacturer, they towed the vehicle and I learned that the control arm had snapped and they would need to replace the whole front suspension. They also noted a couple knicks under my carriage and very minor scrapes on my bumper and said that the failure was due to outside influence and, thus, would not be covered by my active warranty. They said I was in an accident which is completely false. After research, I presented numerous instances of control arm failure for the same year/model as my car at very low mileages, including recall for the same parts in China, but they still refused to cover the faulty part. There is an open class action lawsuit for the exact same parts because the manufacturer refuses to acknowledge the problem. I had to pay to upgrade the suspension system which they now use in the car as they obviously don't use th

Electrical System
Filed Aug 28, 2023ID

The screen that shows the rear view camera turns on intermittently when engaged. It will often not turn on when shipped to reverse. The sentry system has stopped working as well as the main screen will shut off while driving from time to time, which removes the ability to turn on any heat or air, defroster etc... This was a previous recall and I am a new purchaser of the vehicle. I notified Tesla, they stated that they see where it is having issues but it was already recalled and fixed and any new fixes are no longer under the recall.

Structure › Body
Filed Aug 23, 2023CA

The driver side door handle does not present itself. It is now stuck and doesn't open. I need to press the door handle a certain way in order to open the door. This is a safety issue because in the case of an accident somebody who is not aware how to open the door maybe confused. This has not been inspected by a dealer. There is no police case or report related to this.

Exterior Lighting
Filed Aug 22, 2023MN

The daytime running lights dim and burn out after only a few year late and happen repeatedly even after the warranty has expired. It is a very expensive fix but is clearly a design problem because it looks to be happening across all models S’s

Back Over Prevention
Filed Aug 7, 202386,000 milesKY

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact received notification of NHTSA Campaign Number: 21V035000 (Back Over Prevention, Visibility, Exterior Lighting) however, the part to do the recall repair was not yet available. The contact stated that the manufacturer had exceeded a reasonable amount of time for the recall repair. The contact stated that while reversing at 5 MPH, the back over prevention camera showed a completely black screen. The dealer was made aware of the failure but confirmed that parts were not yet available. The vehicle was not repaired. The manufacturer was made aware of the failure. The failure mileage was 86,000.

Power TrainCrash
Filed Aug 2, 202354,000 milesCA

The contact owns a 2017 Tesla Model S. The contact stated while approaching a stop light, while the contact was depressing on the brake pedal to slow down the vehicle accelerated on its own causing the contact to strike the vehicle in front. The contact stated that no warning light illuminated, and the brake assist did not activate. The contact stated when the vehicle struck the vehicle in front the vehicle continued driving forward and then the vehicle was able to come to a complete stop. The vehicle had front-ended damages and the other vehicle had rear-ended damages. No one was injured. The air bags deployed. A police report was not filed. The vehicle was towed to a repair center. The vehicle was not diagnosed. The manufacturer was contacted and did not provide any assistance. The failure mileage was 54,000.

Lane Departure › Warning
Filed Jul 31, 2023CA

1. Previously listed Recall has been erroneously removed from Recall history for my VIN. I had tried to escalate this via Email and Twitter with no response from NHTSA, Sources: https://www.tesla.com/support/recall-fsd-beta-driving-operations Note: The remedy is not yet available for vehicles with NVIDIA® Tegra® and will deploy OTA once the software is available. 2. The car continues to make unsafe lane changes during left or right turns and struggles to make a smooth turn and is hazard for vehicles behind the car when making such turns as it makes suddent stops.

Unknown or Other
Filed Jul 21, 2023MD

Center screen is leaking gel and is discolored.

Unknown or Other
Filed Jul 20, 2023HI

1. Component; Tesla tried to push version 2022.8.10.12 (currently am on version 2022.8.10.8) This caused MCU 2.5 to no longer communicate with the Instrument cluster screen. 2. Saftey; a. Instrument cluster doesn't indicate whether vehicle is in Drive or Reverse mode. 3. & 4. On 7/19/23 Tesla Tech confirmed issue and duplicated issue. 5. Issue commenced shortly before 7/15/23 when the software update was pushed by OTA from Tesla. The warning lights on the Instrument cluster have been photographed and provided to Tesla prior to the tech scheduled appointment 7/19/23. Auto was working fine before the sw update, now Tesla wants $2,800 for me to update the hardware.(first quoted $1500 then see chat incresing pricing. Yesterday when driving car on freeway at 55 mph, the IC showed only going 8mph no matter what speed I was going.

Service Brakes
Filed Jul 16, 2023CA

During a road trip (May 2023) with cruise control activated, I had at least 5 phantom braking events. The most serious was in Las Vegas on the freeway with a very severe braking event. I now no longer use cruise control in crowded traffic so that I won't get rear ended when a phantom braking event happens.

Exterior Lighting
Filed Jul 6, 2023TX

The eyebrow on the drivers side needs to be replaced for the third time within 3 years. This is a safety issue for visibility.

Forward Collision Avoidance › Automatic Emergency Braking
Filed Jun 23, 2023TX

An issue with "Pahtom Breaking." My Tesla Model S has suffered from phantom breaking since I purchased the vehicle. I have repeatedly mentioned it to Tesla repair representatives and am still waiting for a fix. The risks exceed those of operating a car—a danger to me and others on the road. Vehicles following me have no idea that my truck will randomly slam on the breaks. Even if following a "safe" distance, the Tesla stops so fast that driving at highway speeds, others cannot react in time to prevent an accident. This is an undone and unknown burden for other drivers as it is for me. Tesla must step up to the plate and correct this before people die.

Electrical System
Filed Jun 20, 2023MA

The back-up camera is not functioning. I get a black screen whenever I put the car in reverse. I can use the mirrors but the visibility behind the car is not very good. This makes it much ch more difficult to back out and avoid other cars and pedestrians. I have tried to reset/restart the various software systems with no improvement. I understand there is a recall for other Model 3 and Model S cars, I don’t u sweats d how my VIN is not covered as it has tb exact same issue as reported for the recall.

Structure › Body
Filed Jun 12, 2023TX

Rear bumper assembly separated and blew off into traffic while driving the legal speed limit (85MPH) on Texas Interstate highway. Road conditions were dry and windy. The vehicle had had no known or observable damage prior to this incident and had been maintained and inspected annually by Tesla.

Reading these

NHTSA publishes every complaint as the owner wrote it and investigates only a fraction. Spelling, capitalisation and judgement are the filer’s own. What carries weight is repetition: the same component failing the same way across many filings, and whether the manufacturer eventually opened a recall for it.

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